Hipertensión arterial, hipertrigliceridemia y obesidad fundamentales componentes del síndrome metabólico / Hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and obesity the main components in metabolic syndrome. Pinar del Rio
Abstract
Con el propósito de describir la distribución y frecuencia de los componentes del síndrome metabólico en un grupo de pacientes con dislipoproteinemia se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal con 100 pacientes, que asistieron a la consulta de Dislipoproteinemia, en el período comprendido de julio del 2002 a diciembre del 2003. Se describieron características generales como edad, sexo, antecedentes patológicos familiares, personales y enfermedades asociadas; se determinaron los valores de glicemia, ácido úrico, fibrinógeno y triglicéridos. Se utilizaron los análisis de frecuencias y comparación mediante el estadígrafo Chi-cuadrado al 95 % de confianza. El síndrome metabólico fue más frecuente en el sexo femenino en un 58% y en el grupo de 40-59 años de edad. Las enfermedades más frecuentes fueron la hipertrigliceridemia en un 100%, la obesidad y la hipertensión arterial en un 78% para ambas y la diabetes mellitus tipo II con un 44%. Se encontró una asociación de tres ó más de los componentes en el 88 % de los pacientes, con mayor incidencia en el sexo femenino, en el grupo de edad de 40-59 años a los que se debe prestar una atención diferenciada para reducir consecuencias graves.
Palabras clave: Síndrome metabólico/patogénesis, hipertensión, hipertrigliceridemia, obesidad.
ABSTRACT
Aimed at describing the distribution and frequency of the components of the metabolic syndrome in a group of patients presenting dislipoproteinemia an observational and cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 patients attending to the Dislipoproteinemia office during July 2002-December 2003. General characteristics such as: age, sex, family medical history, personal features and associated diseases were described. The values of glycemia, uric acid, fibrinogen and triglycerides were determined. The method used to perform the analysis of frequency and comparison of these values was chi-squared (95 % of confidence). Being the metabolic syndrome more frequent in female sex (58%) in the group of 40-59 years old. Hypertriglyceridemia (100%), obesity and hypertension (78% for both) and diabetes mellitus type II (44%) were the most frequent diseases. An association of three o more components in 88% of the patients was observed having a higher incidence in female sex in the group of 40-59 years old; concluding that a special-medical care must be offered to this group of patients in order to reduce the severe consequences of this syndrome.
Key words: Metabolic syndrome/pathogenesis, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity.
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