Does asking about suicidal behavior have negative effects?: An evidence-based narrative review
Keywords:
HEALTH EVALUATION, SUICIDE, SUICIDAL IDEATION, ATTEMPTED, REVIEW, IMPACTS ON HEALTH.Abstract
Introduction: in the general population and even among health care professionals, myths about suicide still persist. A common myth is the consideration that asking about suicidal behaviors may induce suicidal ideation and subsequent suicidal behaviors. This is a barrier to assessment and prevention programs.
Objective: to synthesize the evidence on the harms or benefits of asking about suicidal behaviors in general or clinical population.
Methods: the type of research is theoretical and the narrative review method was used to summarize the evidence from primary studies. A bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed and EBSCO databases, as well as in the academic Google search engine. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established.
Development: the results of quantitative and qualitative research indicate that asking about suicidal behaviors directly or by means of psychometric instruments do not imply changes in the state of mind and does not increase or induce subsequent suicidal behaviors in the general or clinical population. On the contrary, people support the assessment; indicating individual and social benefits, as well as the need to talk about suicidal behaviors.
Conclusions: contrary to beliefs and myths. Empirical evidence shows that asking about suicidal behaviors in the general or clinical population has no negative effects. Asking these questions in a responsible, compassionate, and informative manner encourages openness and confidence to initiate conversations, disclose suicidal behavior, and reconsider suicidal planning, attempts, or ideation. It also invites the person to reflect on the reasons for living.
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