Impact of vascular endothelial growth factor on the regeneration and healing of periodontal tissues
Abstract
Introduction: periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects dental supporting structures and represents one of the main causes of tooth loss.
Objective: to analyze the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in periodontal regeneration and healing.
Methods: a systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted across various databases. The search was performed using an algorithm with keywords and boolean operators, allowing the identification of relevant sources. Selected studies, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, were critically analyzed considering timeliness, methodological quality, and thematic relevance, and were integrated into the final synthesis of the review.
Development: findings show that vascular endothelial growth factor promotes angiogenesis, cell migration and proliferation, and modulates the inflammatory response. Experimental studies demonstrate that fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells release vascular endothelial growth factors, attracting osteoblasts and promoting bone regeneration. Recent trials with gene-activated matrices and cellular overexpression confirm its therapeutic potential in wound healing and periodontal repair. However, challenges remain in controlled administration, evaluation of side effects, and standardization of clinical protocols.
Conclusions: vascular endothelial growth factor emerges as a promising tool in regenerative dentistry. Large-scale clinical studies are required to validate its efficacy and safety in advanced periodontitis.
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Copyright (c) 2025 María Eugenia Paredes Herrera, Elvia María Paucar Cepeda, María de los Ángeles Salinas Arcos
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