Risk factors of acute coronary episodes. Importance of psychosocial factor in the Municipal Intensive Care Area
Keywords:
Acute coronary syndrome, Risk factors.Abstract
Introduction: currently acute coronary episodes are found among the first causes of death in the world, including Cuba.Objective: to determine the risk factors influencing on the onset of acute coronary episodes, emphasizing on psychosocial factors in patients attending to the Municipal Intensive Care Area in Los Palacios municipality during 2009.
Material and method: a case-control applied research. Sample: study group (patients older than 15 years old admitted to the Municipal Intensive Care who survived acute coronary episodes) and a control group (2 healthy people per one person included in the study group living in the same Popular Council). Traditional risk factors as well as psychosocial factors (depression, stress, and anxiety) were studied. Measures of summing up qualitative data, chi-square test, Fisher's exact probability (to the association of variables in tables of 2x2) and Mann-Whitney U test were used.
Results: the increase of age, smoking and hypertension resulted significant as predisposing factors to develop acute coronary episodes (p < 0.001 and p <0.005) respectively, where 100% of the patients included into the study group suffered from hypertension; whereas depression, anxiety and stress, though present in both groups, resulted not so important per se to the occurrence of these episodes.
Conclusions: during 2009 the risk factors influencing on the occurrence of acute coronary episodes in Los Palacios municipality were: age, smoking and hypertension, while the presence of psychosocial factors resulted not as important to trigger these episodes.
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