Ética y bioética en la formación del profesional de enfermería, una necesidad para la vida. Ethics and bioethics in the training of nursing personnel, a lifelong need
Abstract
Literalmente Bioética es un neologismo que significa ética de la vida y surge en la década del 70, en la enciclopedia se define como el estudio sistemático de la conducta humana en el campo de las ciencias biológicas y de la atención de salud. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo longitudinal y descriptivo para determinar el nivel de conocimiento que tienen los estudiantes de curso complementario en el curso 03-04 todos del municipio Pinar del Río; donde se les aplicó una encuesta antes y después de implementar el programa correspondiente a la asignatura de Ética y Bioética en Enfermería. Los principales indicadores a medir fueron conocimientos previos a través de cursos básicos y de especialización, vínculo de los conocimientos teóricos con la actividad práctica, así como criterios de los estudiantes respondiendo a diferentes indicadores se utilizó el método porcentual aritmético presentándose los resultados en tablas. Los contenidos y las diferentes formas satisfacen las necesidades de los patrones morales de la sociedad en el ejercicio de la profesión, se hace necesario brindar educación continuada en los aspectos éticos y reflexionar sobre la importancia del cumplimiento de los principios éticos y bioéticos con vistas a reforzar un marco de valores que deben regir la filosofía de la profesión.
Palabras clave: ÉTICA, BIOÉTICA, PROFESIONAL, ENFERMERÍA
ABSTRACT
Bioethics is a neologism that means ethics for life and it theory was founded during the 70's; in the Encyclopedia it is defined as the systematic study of the human behaviour in the field of Biological Sciences and Health Care. A longitudinal-prospective and descriptive study was carried out to determine level of knowledge developed by the students of the complementary course during the academic course 2003 _ 2004 in Pinar del Rio Municipality, conducting a survey before and after the implementation of the syllabus corresponding to Ethics and Bioethics subjects in Nursing School. The main indicators of the study were: previous knowledge through basic courses and courses of specializations, linking of theory and practical activity, as well as student's criteria according to different points. Arithmetical percentage method was used and results were charted. It is necessary to follow a continuous education in ethical practice and reinforce ethical and bioethical principles.
Key words: ETHICS/bioethics, NURSING PERSONNEL/staff.
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