Psychological repercussion of the hospital process in children with malignant hemopathies
Keywords:
ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL, ANXIETY, FEAR.Abstract
Introduction: hospitalization is one of childhood stressors, whose most frequent negative repercussions are emotional alterations at short, medium and long term disruptive behaviors, which implies rendering the psychological repercussion of the hospital process in children with malignant diseases in order to determine the repercussion of hospitalization process in them.
Method: descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, non-experimental study with a qualitative design, with the application of psychological techniques.
Results: anxiety was manifested by means of fear of medical procedures, family ruptures and closed spaces; variations of the emotional state according to the perception of improvement. Mechanisms of defense as passive aggressiveness before the parents or physicians; regression, motor hyperactivity in children and sadness in adolescents were observed, as well as attitude to overcome the illness, the need to cooperate before the procedures for a better health. An attitude towards the disease was evidenced by their level of information and search for support in parents and medical personnel. An action guide is presented to perform the psychological work with these patients, both by the psychologist and the medical staff who assist them.
Conclusion: there is a need for help from relatives and patients to alleviate the psychological reactions that obstruct the hospital process. Psychological reactions related to the anxiety manifestations and to overcoming the disease were more frequently found. Intervention actions directed at parents and health personnel should be oriented according to the psychological reality of the patient.
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