Factores asociados al cambio de lactancia materna exclusiva en Prematuros menores de 2000 gramos. Factors Associated to Changes in Exclusive Breast Feeding in preterm Infants under 2000 gramos
Abstract
Se estudiaron al azar 100 recién nacidos prematuros atendidos por el método -piel a piel-, desde enero de 1995 hasta diciembre de 1996, nacidos en este hospital; se tuvo en cuenta: edad de la madre, habito de fumar, procedencia y escolaridad, así como el peso del niño al nacer y la estadía en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. Los resultados fueron computarizados como base de datos por el sistema FoxPlus y se aplico el test de chi-cuadrado con un nivel de significación de alfa=0.05. Observamos que los factores maternos como el habito de fumar, la edad, escolaridad y la procedencia en la madre, así como el peso del niño al nacer no influyeron significativamente en el cambio del tipo de lactancia, sin embargo la estadía en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales mas de 7 días condiciono que el 13.3% de estos niños abandonaron la lactancia materna exclusiva, elemento que resulto estadísticamente significativo, factor sobre el cual influyen otros elementos relacionados con la enfermedad que lo mantiene en este servicio, o las secuelas de la misma y que no dependen de la participación y/o estimulación de la madre.
DeCS: LACTANCIA MATERNA EXCLUSIVA, LACTANCIA MATERNA MIXTA, EDAD GESTACIONAL CORREGIDA, RELACION MADRE - HIJO.
A sample of 100 preterm newborns was studied at random by the skin to skin method in this hospital, between january, 1995 and december, 1996 Mother's age, background, origin and smoking, as well as infant's birth weight and stay at the NICU, were taken into account. Results were computarized as data basis by Foxpro System, and chi-square test was used with a significance level of a= 0.05. Mother's variables and infant's birth weight were not considered to have a signicant influenceon feeding change, while more than seven days of hospitalization led to a feeding change in a 13.3% of infants. It resulted in factor statistically significant, influenced by other elements related to the disease that Keep the child at the NICU, or sequelas of this diasease which do not depend on mother's participation and/or stimulation.
DeCS: BREAST FEEDING EXCLUSIVE, MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONS, GESTATIONAL AGE, BREAST FEEDING MIXTA.
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