Estudio clínico y radiológico de pacientes con neurofibromatosis tipo 1, Pinar del Río, 2006 / A clinical and radiological study in patients suffering from type 1 neurofibromatosis. Pinar del Río. 2006
Abstract
La Neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1), es uno de las enfermedades autosómicos dominantes más comunes y está causado por defectos en el gen NF1 situado en el cromosoma 17q11.2. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en pacientes con NF1 en Pinar del Río durante el año 2005, con el objetivo de describir las características clínicas y radiológicas craneales de esta entidad, seleccionando así 42 pacientes con NF1, asociado a dismorfias, retraso mental, degeneración maligna, neurofibromas plexiformes y tumores del SNC. Predominaron las manchas café con leche, las pecas inguinales y axilares y los nódulos de Lisch, fue frecuente la macrocefalia, el retraso mental y la disminución de la agudeza visual, el aumento de la silla turca fue uno de los hallazgos radiológicos más llamativos. La totalidad de las características clínicas predominantes en el estudio constituyen criterios diagnósticos de la NF1. Los hallazgos radiológicos constituyen una herramienta fundamental para el diagnóstico. Predominaron los casos productos de una nueva mutación.
Palabras clave: NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, DEGENERACIÓN
ABSTRACT
Type 1 Neurofibromatosis (NF1) is one of the most common autosomal and dominant diseases and is produced by defects in the NF1-gen located in 17q11.2 chromosome. A descriptive and transversal study was carried out in patients with NF1 in Pinar del Río during the year 2005, aimed at describing the brain clinical and radiological characteristics of this entity, selecting 42 patients suffering from NF1 associated with dimorphism, mental retardation, malignant degeneration, plexiform neurofibromas and masses of the CNS, predominating the milk-coffee colour spots, the inguinal and axillary freckles and Lisch's node, being frequent acromegaly, the mental retardation and the decrease in visual acuity; the increase of sella turcica was one of the most relevant radiological finding. The total of the predominant clinical characteristics in the study are diagnostic criteria of NF1. The radiological findings are a principal tool for diagnosis, predominating in those cases from a new mutation.
Key words: Neurofibromatosis, degeneration
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