Clinical, epidemiological, endoscopic and histological behavior of Ulcerative Colitis in Pediatrics
Keywords:
INTESTINAL DISEASES, COLITIS, ULCERATIVE, CROHN DISEASE, RISK FACTORS.Abstract
Introduction: inflammatory bowel diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of chronic immunologic pathologies, of unpredictable course, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and indeterminate colitis, where disease susceptibility, phenotype and response to treatment is determined by the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors.
Objective: to determine the clinical, epidemiological, endoscopic and histological aspects of ulcerative colitis in the pediatric age in Pinar del Río in the period from January 2018 to December 2019.
Methods: an observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out in a universe and sample constituted by 41 children diagnosed with the disease in this period of time. For the analysis of the results, descriptive statistical methods such as absolute and relative frequencies were used.
Results: the predominant sex was male with an age between 1 and 5 years, and the predominant risk factors were a history of previous infections, inadequate diet and breastfeeding for less than 4 months. The most frequent clinical manifestations were: diarrhea, rectorrhagia and abdominal pain.
Conclusions: the disease occurred more frequently in children under 5 years of age, of white race and urban origin. The predominant digestive manifestations were bloody diarrhea, rectorrhagia and extra-digestive manifestations were weight loss. The presence of erythema, loss of vascular pattern and the presence of ulcers were the most frequent endoscopic findings. Ulcerative colitis was present in 85.5 % of the cases.
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