Characterization of mortalitypreschool and schoolin San Cristobal
Keywords:
MORTALIDAD INFANTIL; PREESCOLARES; PRONÓSTICOS., INFANT MORTALITY; CHILD, PRESCHOO; PROGNOSIS., MORTALIDADE INFANTIL; PRÉ-ESCOLAR; PROGNÓSTICO.Abstract
Introduction: the health of children and adolescents in Cuba is a priority for the State, the Ministry of Public Health, and local governments. This approach has led to outstanding results in mortality indicators for these population groups.
Aim: analyze the epidemiological characteristics of preschool and school mortality.
Methods: a study was carried outdescriptive and longitudinal, thatanalyzed pediatric mortality in San Cristóbal, Artemisa, from 2013 to 2022. Document review provided the information needed to determine the variables studied. Statistical analysis included mortality rates and trend analysis using semi-averages and exponential smoothing for predictions.
Results: thirty-eight deaths were included in children aged one-14 years, differentiating between preschool and school-aged children. Mortality showed an irregular pattern with an upward trend. In preschool children, congenital anomalies and malignant tumors prevailed, while in school-aged children, malignant tumors and accidents predominated. A reduction in preschool mortality and an increase in school-aged mortality were identified, reflecting opposite patterns in both age groups..
Conclusions: infant mortality in San Cristóbal presents contrasting dynamics. In preschoolers, the main causes are congenital anomalies and tumors, with a predicted decline according to exponential smoothing. In schoolchildren, accidents and tumors predominate, reflecting a growing trend that demands preventive strategies and better access to medical care.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Delia Rosa Díaz Rodríguez, Joel Ramón Sánchez Portela, Belkys Verga Tirado, Luanda Sánchez Cámara, Yanelys Santiesteban Remon, Gigdys Esther Castro Alvarez, Carlos Enrique Piña Borrego
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