Diabetic foot in patients at the Tulcán Sur and Tajamar health centers. 2023
Keywords:
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES; DIABETES MELLITUS; FACTORES DE RIESGO; PIE DIABÉTICO., DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; DIABETES MELLITUS; RISK FACTORS; DIABETIC FOOT., COMPLICAÇÕES DO DIABETES; DIABETES MELLITUS; FATORES DE RISCO; PÉ DIABÉTICO.Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic foot is one of the most relevant chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, increasing the risk of ulcers, infections, and amputations.
Objective: To characterize risk conditions and self-care practices related to diabetic foot in patients with diabetes mellitus treated at Tulcán Sur and Tajamar health centers during 2023.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with an intentional sample of 75 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, treated at Tulcán Sur and Tajamar health centers. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect information on clinical history, self-care habits, and preventive practices. Data were processed through descriptive statistical analysis, respecting ethical principles of confidentiality and informed consent.
Results: Most patients had been diagnosed after five to ten years with the disease (59 %). Regarding physical activity, 51 % practice it occasionally, while 39 % do not meet fasting blood glucose targets. Concerning foot care, 84 % have never received a podiatric exam and 59 % do not regularly check the integrity of their feet; additionally, 55 % do not moisturize them and 40 % do not perform daily hygiene, although 81 % use appropriate footwear.
Conclusions: The findings reveal significant deficiencies in self-care and preventive attention for diabetic foot, which increases the risk of severe complications. Implementation of comprehensive promotion and prevention strategies and programs is required to strengthen therapeutic adherence, glycemic control, and podiatric monitoring of patients.
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