Relevance of palliative care in neonates with acute renal failure
Keywords:
LESIÓN RENAL AGUDA; MEDICINA PALIATIVA; RECIÉN NACIDO.; ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; INFANT, NEWBORN.; INJÚRIA RENAL AGUDA; MEDICINA PALIATIVA; RECÉM-NASCIDO.Abstract
Introduction: acute renal failure in neonates constitutes a critical condition, associated with high morbidity and mortality in intensive care units.
Objective: to analyze the relevance of palliative care in neonates with acute renal failure, evaluating its clinical and family impact.
Methods: a systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted across various databases. The search was performed using an algorithm with keywords and Boolean operators, allowing the identification of relevant sources. The selected studies, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, were critically analyzed considering timeliness, methodological quality, and thematic relevance, and were integrated into the final synthesis of the review.
Development: the reviewed studies highlight that palliative care in neonates with acute renal failure enables a comprehensive approach to pain management, fluid and electrolyte control, nutritional support, and renal replacement therapies with a humanized focus. The importance of emotional support for families, clear communication, and active parental participation in decision-making is emphasized. Likewise, the role of multidisciplinary teams integrating nephrologists, neonatologists, psychologists, and social workers is underscored. Although palliative care does not aim to cure, it optimizes quality of life and reduces suffering in patients and families.
Conclusions: neonatal palliative care in acute renal failure constitutes an essential strategy to ensure dignified and compassionate care. Its implementation strengthens quality of life, fosters communication with families, and promotes ethical decisions centered on patient well-being.
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References
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