Application of vaginal probiotics in the prevention of dysbiosis and reduction of vaginal infections in Ecuador: bibliographic analysis
Keywords:
DISBIOSIS; INFECCIONES; MICROBIOTA; PROBIÓTICOS; VAGINA., DYSBIOSIS; INFECTIONS; MICROBIOTA; PROBIOTICS; VAGINA., DISBIOSE; INFECÇÕES; MICROBIOTA; PROBIÓTICOS; VAGINA.Abstract
Introduction: the balance of the vaginal microbiota is essential for female reproductive health, and its alteration favors recurrent infections.
Objective: to analyze the evidence on the use of vaginal probiotics in the prevention of dysbiosis and reduction of infections in Ecuadorian women.
Methods: a systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted across several databases. The search was carried out using an algorithm with keywords and Boolean operators, allowing the identification of relevant sources. Selected studies, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, were critically analyzed considering timeliness, methodological quality, and thematic relevance, and integrated into the final synthesis of the review.
Development: lactobacilli produce lactic and acetic acids that inhibit the growth of Candida and alter the morphology of Gardnerella vaginalis, reducing biofilms and restoring microbial balance. Studies show efficacy in preventing bacterial vaginosis and recurrent candidiasis, decreasing antimicrobial resistance. However, effectiveness varies depending on strain, route of administration, and ethnic factors. In Ecuador, the prevalence of vaginal infections is high, with Candida albicans and Gardnerella as the main agents. Probiotics emerge as a complementary alternative to conventional treatments, although randomized clinical trials are still required to recommend their routine use.
Conclusions: vaginal probiotics represent a promising strategy to prevent dysbiosis and recurrent infections, especially in high-prevalence contexts such as Ecuador. Their integration into clinical protocols could reduce complications and antimicrobial resistance, although further studies are needed to establish definitive recommendations.
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