Intestinal parasitism in children: epidemiological factors in Orange Walk, Belize
Keywords:
PARASITIC INTESTINAL DISEASES/epidemiology/prevention and control.Abstract
Intestinal parasitism (IP) is still a health problem in Central America and Caribbean Countries. An applied, epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted at the urban district of «Orange Walk», Belize in 2009 with the purpose of identifying the causal factors of epidemiological risk. The target group was comprised of 566 children (0-4 years old), the sample (400 children) was taken by means of intentional non-probabilistic sampling and a direct feces examination; representing two sampling strata. Empiric methods of investigation were used: questionnaires, observation guidebook and theoretical. To process the data, descriptive statistics, absolute and relative frequencies were used; ratios, rate with relative risk, comparison of two and k-proportions, plus non-parametric chi square test as well. More positive feces prevailed over negative ones, observing no relation to the sex and the onset of parasites, children of 3-4 years old prevailed. The rate of medical care was 41.34/100 inhabitants, Giardia lamblia was the most frequent parasite found. The clinical signs of: abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss. The main causal epidemiological factors were: no water boiling, inadequate sewage disposal and plays on the ground. Recurrence had 2 events per child and a relative risk of suffering from the infection of 1.3 times, greater for children living in unfavourable hygienic situation: inhabitants with poor sanitary education and parents with low-schooling level. Intestinal Parasitism constitutes a health problem.Downloads
References
1. Riverón Corteguera RL. Agentes parasitarios. En: Pediatría. t-2. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2008.p.518- 30.
2. Cabrera SM, Vesrategui M, Cabrera R. Prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en una Comunidad Alto Andina de la Provincia de Víctor Fajardo, Ayacucho, Perú. Rev Gastroenterol (Perú) [Internet]. 2005 [Citado 8 de Mayo 2007]; 25(2): [Aprox. 5p.]. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1022-51292005000200003
3. Ruiz Espinosa A, Núñez Fernández MÁ, Rodríguez Peña M. Generalidades. En: Autores Cubanos. Pediatría. t- IV. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2008.p.1713-9.
4. Abubakar I, Aliyu Sh, Arumugam C, Hunter P, Usman N. Prevention and treatment of crytosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. [Internet]. 2007 [Citado 20de abril de 2010]; (1): [Aprox. 32p.]. Disponible en: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004932.pub2/pdf
5. Cantelar de Francisco N. Maestría en Enfermedades Infecciosas [CD- ROM]. Ciudad de La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2005.
6. Pérez-Gordon G, Rosales MJ, Valdez RA, et al. Detección de parásitos intestinales en agua y alimentos de Trujillo, Perú. Rev. Perú. Med. Exp. Salud Pública. [Internet]. 2008 [citado 15 Diciembre 2009]; 25(1): [Aprox. 4p.]. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1726-46342008000100018&lng=es
7. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Dirección Nacional de Registros Médicos y Estadísticas de Salud: Anuario Estadístico de Salud. Cuba; 2008.p.95.
8. Quintero Pérez W, Linares Guerra M, Téllez Almiral O, Díaz Cabrera JC, del Valle Viera M. Parasitismo intestinal en una escuela primaria de Bata, Guinea Ecuatorial. Rev Ciencias Médicas [Internet]. 2008 Jun [citado 2009 Ene 13]; 12(1): [Aprox. 7p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1561-31942008000100008&lng=es
9. Valdés Rojas JC, Prevale Escobedo AA, Cañete R, Núñez FA. Intestinal protozoan and helminth infections in the Municipality San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, Cuba. Trop Doct. [Internet]. 2007 [citado 2009 Ene 13]; 37(4): [Aprox. 2p.]. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17988492
10. Guerrero Hernández MT, Hernández Molinar Y, Rada Espinosa ME, Aranda Gámez Á, Hernández MI. Parasitosis intestinal y alternativas de disposición de excreta en municipios de alta marginalidad. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [Internet]. 2008 Jun [citado 2009 Ene 18]; 34(2): Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-34662008000200009&lng=es
11. Cañete R, González ME, Domenech I. Infección por Giardia lamblia, algunos aspectos relacionados con su epidemiología y diagnóstico. Bol Med Gen Integral. Pinar del Río. [Internet]. 2005 [citado 2009 Ene 18]; 9(3). Disponible en: http://publicaciones.pri.sld.cu/bol-mgi/bol-gi93/bol-mgi931.html
12. Devera R, Cermeño JR, Blanco Y, Morales MC, Guerra X, Souza M. Prevalencia de blastocistosis y otras parasitosis intestinales en una comunidad rural del Estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela. Parasitol Latinoam. [Internet]. 2003 [citado 8 May 2007]; 58(3-4): [Aprox. 6p.]. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/parasitol/v58n3-4/art01.pdf
13. Barroso de la Cruz E, Bello Núñez M. Cólico renoureteral producido por gusano redondo (Áscaris lumbricoides). Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr. [Internet]. 2007 [citado 2009 Ene 18]; 23(4). Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/mgi/vol23_4_07/mgi14407.html
14. Guerrero HT, Fritche TJ, Martínez ZR, Hernández MY. Diseño y construcción de sanitarios ecológicos secos en áreas rurales. Rev. Cubana Salud Pública [Internet]. 2006 [Citado 8 de Mayo de 2007]; 32(3). Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/spu/vol32_3_06/spu16306.htm
15. Marti H, Koella J. Multiple stool examinations for ova and parasites and rate of false- negative results. J Clin Microbiol. [Internet]. 1993 [Citado 8 de Mayo de 2007]; 31(11): [Aprox. 1p.]. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC266208/
16. Fadia ALR, Sánchez J, Requena I, Blanco Y, Devera R. Parasitosis intestinales en escolares: relación entre su prevalencia en heces y en el lecho subungueal. Rev. Biomed. [Internet]. 2005 [Citado 8 de Mayo de 2007]; 16(4): [Aprox. 10p.]. Disponible en: http://new.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/resumen.cgi?IDREVISTA=90&IDARTICULO=7539&IDPUBLICACION=854
17. Sanjurjo E, Rodríguez M, Bravo JR, Finlay CM, Silva LC, Gálvez MD. Encuesta Nacional de Parasitismo Intestinal. Cuba: Ministerio de Salud Pública. 1984. p.111.
18. Organización Mundial de la Salud Datos estadísticos: Estadísticas Sanitarias Mundiales 2008. [Monografía en Internet]. s/l:s/n;s/a. [Citado el 2 de diciembre del 2008]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2008/es/index.html
19. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Core Health Indicators the latest data from multiple WHO 2006. [Monografía en Internet]. s/l:s/n;s/a. [Citado el 2 de Junio del 2010]. Disponible en: http://apps.who.int/whosis/database/core/core_select_process.cfm
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who have publications with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors will retain their copyrights and grant the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will be publication of their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) that allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and first publication in this journal are indicated.
Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for distribution of the published version of the work (e.g.: deposit it in an institutional telematic archive or publish it in a volume). Likewise, and according to the recommendations of the Medical Sciences Editorial (ECIMED), authors must declare in each article their contribution according to the CRediT taxonomy (contributor roles). This taxonomy includes 14 roles, which can be used to represent the tasks typically performed by contributors in scientific academic production. It should be consulted in monograph) whenever initial publication in this journal is indicated. Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives or on their web page) before and during the submission process, which may produce interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The effect of open access). https://casrai.org/credit/