Clinical and epidemiological characterization of preterm infants with early-onset infection
Keywords:
Premature infant, Infection.Abstract
Introduction: early neonatal infections are defined as the ones occurring within the first 72 hours of life.Objective: to characterize preterm infants with early-onset infection clinically and epidemiologically.
Materials and methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Rio, during January 2013 to November 2014. The universe included 662 preterm infants. The sample consisted of 66 infants diagnosed with early-onset infection considering the inclusion criteria. Variables such as weight, gender, gestational age, maternal and perinatal factors, presentation, germs and survival rate were considered. Percentage, mean and standard deviation method was used.
Results: infants weighting less than 1500 grams predominated (62.1%), female sex (56.1%) and the appropriate standards for gestational age (59.1%). Regarding maternal and perinatal variables, the vaginal infection prevailed 43.9%, premature rupture of membranes showed more than 18 hours (21.2%) and spontaneous labor (71.2%). Prophylaxis for group-B of streptococcus was performed in 65.2% mothers; 68.2% of the infants were born by cesarean sections. Bloodstream infection was the most frequent way of presentation (54.5%) and E. coli germ predominated (18.2%). Survival rate was 95.5%.
Conclusions: early-onset sepsis is a frequent morbidity factor in preterm infants; it constitutes a major health problem; however the survival rates were high.
Downloads
References
1. León Gil C, García-Castrillo Riesgo L, Moya Mir M, Artigas Raventós A, Borges M,Candel González F.J y colaboradores. Documento de Consenso (SEMES-SEMICYUC). Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext &pid=S0138-600X2009000400011&lng=es
2. Pérez DM, Mulet BB, Rodríguez NO, Legrá GM. Factores maternos relacionados con el bajo peso al nacer. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [serial on the Internet]. 2011 Dec [cited 2012 May 14]; 37(4): 489-501. Available from: http:// scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0138-600X2011000400006 &lng=en
3. Valdés Almenteros R, Ruiz Tellechea Y, Morilla Guzmán A, Domínguez Dieppa F, Montes López E, Camejo Plascencia A, et al. Neonatología. Diagnóstico y tratamiento. La Habana, Cuba: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2012. p. 375.
4. Vélez GM, Barros FC, Echavarría RG, Hormaza AP. Prevalencia de bajo peso al nacer y factores maternos asociados: Unidad de atención y Protección Materno Infantil de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol [periódico na Internet]. 2006 Dez [citado 2012 Maio 10]; 57(4): 264-270. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script= sci_arttext&pid=S0034-74342006000400005&lng=pt
5. Dutta S, Reddy R, Sheikh S, Kalra J, Ray P, Narang A.Uso de antibióticos intraparto y factores de riesgo para la sepsis precoz. Rev Hosp Mat Int " Ramón Sardá" [Internet]. 2010 [citado 28 Abr 2015]; 29(3): [aprox. 12 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=91214812002
6. Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Sánchez PJ, Faix RG, Poindexter BB, Krisa P, et al. Sepsis neonatal de inicio temprano. Pediatrics. [Internet]. 2011 [citado 20 Abr de 2015]; [aprox . 10 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/127/5/817"JulHYPERLINK "http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/127/5/817"2015];127
7. López Sastre JB. Sepsis vertical. Bol Pediatr [Internet]. 2012 [citado 29 JuL 2014]; 52(222): [aprox. 2p.]. Disponible en: http://scholar.google.com.cu/scholar? cluster=2753191935043909617&hl=es&as_sdt=0,5&as_ylo=2010
8. Patiño Cossio N. Sepsis neonatal. Rev Bol Ped [Internet]. 2007 [citado 08 Mayo 2015]; 46(3): [aprox. 12 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.ops.org.bo/textocompleto/rnsbp07460309.pdf
9. Rondón Guerra SE. Consideraciones sobre sepsis neonatal [Internet]. 2010 [citado 13 Mayo 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.drrondonpediatra.com/consideraciones_sobre_sepsis_neo.htm
10. Rosell Juarte E. Factores de riesgo el bajo peso al nacer. Rev Cub Med Gen Integr. [citado 24 jul 2010]; 14(3). Disponible en: http://www.bvs.sld.cu/revistas/res/vol14_3_01/res02301.htm
11. García Baños LG. Factores de riesgo asociados al bajo peso al nacer. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [Internet]. 2012 [citado 29 JuL 2014]; 38(2): [aprox. 7p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?pid=S0864-34662012000200006 &script=sci_arttext&tlng=pt
12. Herrera Aguirre AG, Rodríguez Tapia J, Suárez Aceves R, Hernández Bautista VM. El sistema inmune neonatal y su relación con la infección. Pediátricas [Internet]. 2013[citado 29 JuL 2014]; 22(3): [aprox. 2p.]. Disponible en: http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/alergia/al-2013/al133c.pdf
13. Velásquez N. Sepsis Neonatal [Internet]. 2011 [citado 08 Mayo 2015]. Disponible en: http://www.monografias.com/trabajos20/sepsis-neonatal/sepsis-neonatal.shtml
14. González MA, Caraballo MA, Guerrero SA, Montenegro SO. Ssepsis neonatal y prematurez. Revista de Posgrado de la VIa Cátedra de Medicina [Internet]. 2006 [citado 02 Abr 2010]; 160: [aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.med.unne.edu. ar/revista/revista160/6_160.htm
15. Sancho Rodríguez N. Biomarcadores de sepsis en sangre de cordón para el diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal precoz [Internet]. 2012 [citado 12 Sept 2014]. Disponible en: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117585
16. Casado Flores J. Sepsis neonatal. Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús de Madrid [Internet]. 2009 [citado 12 Abr 2014]. Disponible en: http://www.salud.es/sepsis-neonatal
17. Franco Argote O, Vázquez Pueyo P, Darromán Montesino I. Infección neonatal precoz: vigilancia y control. Rev de Ciencias Médicas La Habana [Internet]. 2012 [citado 12 Abr 2014]; 18(2): [aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revcmhabana .sld.cu/index.php/rcmh/article/view/554/html
18. Fernández Díaz N, de Estrada Riverón JD, Díaz Cuéllar F. Morbilidad y mortalidad por sepsis neonatal precoz. Rev Cubana Pediatr [Internet]. 2010 [citado 12 Abr 2014]; 82(2): [aprox. 22 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-75312010000200003"pid=S0034-75312010000200003
19. Gómez V. Sepsis neonatal. Monografias.com [Internet]. 2010 [citado 22 Mayo 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.monografias.com/trabajos19/sepsis-neonatal/sepsis-neonatal.shtml
20. Álvarez Rodríguez JM, Soler Chacón M, Guerra Arévalo E, García Guerrero Y, Sánchez Díaz L. Epidemiología de las infecciones de inicio precoz en el Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital General "Orlando Pantoja Tamayo". MEDISAN [Internet]. 2013 [citado 28 Abr 2015]; 17(12): [aprox. 2 p.]. Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/san/vol17_12_13/san041712.htm
21. Ericson JE, Laughon MM. Chorioamnionitis Implications for the Neonate. Clin Perinatol [Internet]. 2015 [citado 28 Abr 2015]; 42(1): [aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.perinatology.theclinics.com/article/S0095-5108%2814%2900120-1/fulltext
22. García Muñoz RF, Galán HG, Figueras AJ, García Alix Pérez A. Outcomes of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants Exposed to Maternal Clinical Chorioamnionitis: A Multicentre Study. Neonatology [Internet]. 2014 [citado 28 Abr 2015]; 106(3): [aprox. 6 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.karger.com/Article/AbstrHYPERLINK "http://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/363127"act/363127
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who have publications with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors will retain their copyrights and grant the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will be publication of their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) that allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and first publication in this journal are indicated.
Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for distribution of the published version of the work (e.g.: deposit it in an institutional telematic archive or publish it in a volume). Likewise, and according to the recommendations of the Medical Sciences Editorial (ECIMED), authors must declare in each article their contribution according to the CRediT taxonomy (contributor roles). This taxonomy includes 14 roles, which can be used to represent the tasks typically performed by contributors in scientific academic production. It should be consulted in monograph) whenever initial publication in this journal is indicated. Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives or on their web page) before and during the submission process, which may produce interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The effect of open access). https://casrai.org/credit/
