Program for the prevention of sickle cell anemia: a preventive strategy
Keywords:
ANEMIA DE CÉLULAS FALCIFORMES, ELECTROFORESIS, ASESORAMIENTO GENÉTICO.Abstract
Introduction: hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell disease, are the most frequent monogenic alterations in the world, with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. In Cuba, it is the most frequent molecular disease. The Program for the Prevention of Hemoglobinopathies is based on research through the study of hemoglobin electrophoresis in all pregnant women and has been applied in Cuba since 1983.
Objective: to design a preventive educational strategy for couples at risk based on the results of the program for the prevention of hemoglobinopathies in Pinar del Río province during the period of 2013-2018.
Methods: a descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study was carried out with all pregnant women who had undergone hemoglobin electrophoresis during 2013-2018, along with those whose condition was known from previous pregnancies. The percentage of carriers was calculated, as well as the homozygous for S and C allele, to all these cases the couple was studied. The results were presented in tables.
Results: the frequency of carriers of hemoglobin S and C was 1.49 % and 0.30 % respectively, 95.1 % of the spouses were studied, there were 34 couples at risk who underwent fetal molecular study, after genetic counseling.
Conclusions: genetic counseling and fetal molecular study were provided to high-risk couples, corroborating the need to improve the education of the population regarding this disease.
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