Advantages of opioid-free intravenous anesthesia over anesthesia in ambulatory breast cancer surgery
Keywords:
ANESTHESIA, ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA, BREAST NEOPLASMS, INTRAVENOUS, GENERAL, BALANCED ANESTHESIA.Abstract
Introduction: opioid-free general anesthesia arises from the need to avoid the use of opioids in the transoperative period and the undesirable effects in the postoperative period.
Objective: to assess the hemodynamic behavior and anesthetic recovery in patients who underwent ambulatory surgery for breast cancer and those who were given either opioid-free intravenous general or balanced general anesthesia.
Methods: a quasi-experimental, prospective study was carried out on patients who received balanced general anesthesia (n=34) and total opioid-free intravenous anesthesia (n=34), who underwent breast cancer surgery at Abel Santamaria Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital during 2018.
Results: the group of balanced general anesthesia showed greater intraoperative variation of the parameters assessed, with significant differences (p=0.019). The mean time of awakening was lower in the intravenous total anesthesia group (2.10 ± 0,907 min vs. 5,35 ± 1,250 min; p<0.01), as was pain, with significant difference (p<0.05) and the recovery time, where one hour after the surgery, 85 % met the criteria for anesthesia discharge. The delay in discharge from the recovery unit occurred mainly because of the low level of motor activity, with a higher incidence in the group of balanced general anesthesia (71% vs. 26 %; p=0.00).
Conclusions: intravenous opioid-free total anesthesia was higher to the balanced general approach because it showed greater hemodynamic and analgesic stability, lower incidence of postoperative complications, and shorter time spent in the post-anesthesia recovery room.
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