Active ocular toxoplasmosis: current management considerations
Keywords:
UVEITIS, TOXOPLASMOSIS, OCULAR, THERAPEUTIC, ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES.Abstract
Introduction: ocular toxoplasmosis is the leading cause of posterior uveitis in the world; it represents a recurrent disorder with fatal consequences for vision.
Objective: to present the different current treatment alternatives in ocular toxoplasmosis.
Methods: a bibliographic search was carried out using national and international medical literature, in electronic and printed format in the open access search engine Google Scholar and the Medline/Pubmed and SciELO databases.
Development: at present there is still no consensus as to the best treatment guideline, therefore the aim of this review is to present the different alternatives according to the national and international medical literature consulted. Its indications are determined by the clinical conditions of the patient: pediatric age, pregnancy, the immune status of the patient, the intensity of the ocular inflammatory condition and the number of recurrences. The therapeutic options are generally carried out with dihydrofolate inhibitors, sulfonamides and steroids.
Conclusions: the purpose of treatment is focused on reducing parasite replication during the active stage and minimizing retinal damage, mainly in lesions affecting the macula. Therefore, it is of interest to know the different alternatives in order to achieve a good visual outcome in patients affected by ocular toxoplasmosis and avoid visual disability or blindness due to this parasitic disease.
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