Risk factors for malocclusion in first grade students of the “Adalberto Pessant” School
Keywords:
MALOCCLUSION, RISK FACTORS, SCHOOL CHILDREN, ORAL HABITS.Abstract
Introduction: dental malocclusions are a global health problem due to their high incidence of aesthetic deterioration, the impact on the social life of the person suffering from them and the high cost of their treatment.
Objective: to determine the risk factors that predispose students to malocclusion in the first grade of the “Adalberto Pessant” Primary School.
Methods: this was an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study on dental malocclusions in students of the first grade of the primary school “Adalberto Pessant” in the period from 2017 to 2019 in the municipality of Manzanillo, in Granma, Cuba. From a universe of 65 patients, a sample of 62 was selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis by calculating absolute and relative percentages.
Results: males were the most frequent (54,8 %). Most of the children in the clinical review had proximal caries (53,2 %), deforming oral habits (79,0 %) and presence of diastema (56,5 %). Only in the minority were found primate spaces According to Angle's classification, type I stood out by 56,5 % and digital suction was the most deforming oral habit. (69,4 %).
Conclusions: Among the predisposing factors to dental malocclusion are the presence of proximal caries and deforming oral habits. The promotion of oral health and the prevention of this entity are essential pillars to reduce its incidence.
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