Clinical and epidemiological characterization of cerebrovascular disease in the elderly
Keywords:
Cerebrovascular disorders, Risk factors, Rehabilitation.Abstract
Introduction: Cerebrovascular disease is a major health problem in the general population particularly in the elderly.Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of cerebrovascular disease in the elderly at Hermanos Cruz university polyclinic in Pinar del Río.
Materials and methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The target group (U = 11541) comprised all the elderly and the sample those who were diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease in recent years (n = 451), all of them belonging to this polyclinic. To obtain information a survey validated by the Ministry of Public Health in Cuba was applied, collecting the general data of patients, type of stroke, risk factors, methods used to confirm the diagnosis, sequelae and recovery level. Statistical data processing was performed using absolute frequencies and percentages.
Results: ischemic stroke predominated in male patients (75 years and older). The most frequent risk factors were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Clinical diagnosis was accurate in all patients, performing CT scan only to one percent of them, verifying that ischemic type was the most frequent. The prevailing sequelae were memory disorders and gait difficulties, achieving greater motor recovery with the practice of daily exercise or three times a week at least.
Conclusions: the elimination of risk factors and the early diagnosis allow a greater recovery of patients with cerebrovascular disease.
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