Neonatal hemophagocytic syndrome. Case report
Keywords:
INFANT, NEWBORN, TISSUES, LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS, HEMOPHAGOCYTIC.Abstract
Introduction: hemophagocytic syndrome or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is characterized by a pathological activation of the immune system mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killers and macrophages, which finally phagocytize hematopoietic cells.
Case presentation: term newborn, appropriate weight for gestational age, son of a multiparous mother, habitual aborter, with a personal pathological history of joint hypermobility and chronic gastritis. He was born in good condition and in his evolution presented respiratory distress, exanthema, fever, pancytopenia, marked hepatomegaly and elevated serum ferritin with clinical-analytical worsening and rapid progression to multiple organ dysfunction, with negative virological studies and no bacterial or fungal growth. Hemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed and specific treatment was prescribed: dexamethasone and immunoglobulin at immunosuppressive doses. The neonate had a torpid evolution and died at 27 days of life.
Conclusions: hemophagocytic syndrome in the neonatal period is difficult to diagnose and behaves as a simulator of many diseases with rapid progression to multiorgan failure and very unfavorable prognostic implications for the patient.
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