Clinical and epidemiological characterization of geriatric patients undergoing hip fracture surgery

Resumen

Introduction: the sustained increase in life expectancy experienced worldwide, along with the high incidence of hip fractures in older adults, makes this group of diseases the one with the highest mortality rate among traumatic skeletal injuries.

Aim: to clinically and epidemiologically characterize geriatric patients operated on for hip fracture at the Abel Santamaría Cuadrado Hospital in the province of Pinar del Rio. Methods: An observational-descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in geriatric patients operated on for hip fracture in theaforementioned hospitalfrom January 2021 - January 2023.The universe consisted of 515 patients, the sample was made up of308 of these. The data obtained were organized and presented in frequency distribution tables, respecting the principles of medical ethics.

Results: the most common age group was 80 to 89 years (37,7 %). Females predominated, accounting for 81,0 % of the cases; the most common fracture type was right-sided extracapsular fracture (61,4 %); diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure were the most common comorbidities, accounting for 32,5 % and 31,1%, respectively; the most prevalent complication was anemia (45,5 %); death due to thromboembolism was the most common in both sexes (63,5 %).

Conclusions: hip fracture is a common condition in elderly patients, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early management is essential to reduce the risk of complications and mortality.